This is a copy of the M1 Carbine made in China late in the Chinese civil war - likely between 1945 and 1949. While there was an attempt at factory production of a true M1 Carbine copy in northern China later, this example is actually a bolt action which simply copies the look and handling of the M1 Carbine (and uses M1 Carbine magazines). Unfortunately, I have no way of knowing exactly who made it or where, but we can see fake German markings as are typical of warlord-era pistols.